Multiple studies have consistently shown that several measures of religiousness are associated with lower levels of abuse of alcohol, drugs and tobacco. Religion can also play a strong supportive role in the treatment of substance abuse. [p583]
A number of studies suggest individuals with strong religious beliefs live longer than those without such beliefs. [p586]
In
petitionary prayer, where individuals pray for themselves, a positive
outcome is often seen, especially when the outcome is better health.
A belief in God and in a good outcome allows placebo effects to play
a powerful role in producing a favorable outcome.
In
intercessory prayer, where someone else prays for an individual who
may not know he or she is being prayed for, a placebo effect is not
possible and carefully designed studies of intercessory prayer have
shown it has no effect. [p589]
